1: Class

The classes define how network traffic is to be prioritized and allocated.

There are a number of predefined classes, but you can add your own.

Predefined Classes

Class

There are a number of predefined classes QoS classes. Each class is a set of definitions for a token bucket.

Default Settings

The predefined classes can be edited and all values changed, but they have default settings that should be suitable in normal cases.

Priority

The priority class is an upstream class for high priority traffic such as handshaking and ICMP packets.

Item Description Default Value
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%). 20
Average Rate Average target rate (%). 10
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%). 100
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). 400
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). 0
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes). 1000
Priority_down

The Priority_down class is an downstream class for high priority traffic.

Item Description Default Value
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%). 1
Average Rate Average target rate (%). 10
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%). 100
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). 1000
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). 0
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes). 1000
Express

The Express class is for interactive applications that require bandwidth above standard services so that interactive apps run smoothly.

Item Description Default Value
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%). 10
Average Rate Average target rate (%). 50
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%). 100
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). 1000
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). 0
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes). 1000
Normal

The Normal Class is the standard upstream class for all services.

This class will apply to all services not otherwise defined.

Item Description Default Value
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%). 5
Average Rate Average target rate (%). 10
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%). 100
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). 1500
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). 100
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes). 1000
Normal_down

The Normal_down class is the standard downstream class for all services.

This class will apply to all services not otherwise defined.

Item Description Default Value
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%). 1
Average Rate Average target rate (%). 20
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%). 100
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). 1500
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). 0
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes). 1000
Bulk

The bulk class is suitable for very low priority traffic. It will be allocated available bandwidth if other classes are idle. When other classes are active, it will be allocated bandwidth according to the priority setting.

It is suitable for transfer services such as (P2P and FTP).

Item Description Default Value
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%). 1
Average Rate Average target rate (%). 1
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%). 100
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). 1500
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). 200
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes). 1000

Tab

Class

The class tab lets you manage QoS classes.

Overview

At the top of the page is a list of selectable classes.

When a particular class is selected, details about it is shown in the configuration section.

Item Description Comment
Priority Bandwidth allocation limit (%).
Average Rate Average target rate (%).
Limit Rate Maximum allowed bandwidth (%).
Packet Size Size of packets (bytes). See note.
Packet Delay Target delay for packets (ms). See note.
Max Size Maximum size of packets (bytes).

Note: Packet Size and Packet Delay rely on the Average Rate setting. The average rate is impacted by the maximum packet delay and the transfer time for the packet size. Generally the delay is lower for smaller packet sizes.

Add Class

You can add as many classes as you like.

To add a class:

  • Click the Add button
  • Enter a Name for the class
  • Enter QoS values as needed.
  • Click Apply

Configuration Values

Priority

The Priority indicates the bandwidth allocation limit as a percentage of total available bandwidth. 

ls m2 = priority / sum (priority) * max_bandwidth

Limit Rate

The Limit Rate provides a maximum allowed bandwidth, expressed as a percentage of the total available bandwidth. 

ul rate = limitrate * max_bandwidth / 100

Average Rate

The Average target rate is a percentage of the total available bandwidth.

Average rate for this class, value in % of bandwidth (this value uses for calculate vaues 

'Nx' of  'tc … hfsc rt m1 N1 d N2 m2 N3'

Note: Packet Size and Packet Delay rely on the Average Rate setting. The average rate is impacted by the maximum packet delay and the transfer time for the packet size. Generally the delay is lower for smaller packet sizes.

Packet Size

Size of packets (bytes).

packetsize & packetdelay: (only works if avgrate is present) 

rt d = max( packetdelay, 'time required for packetsize to transfer')
ls d = rt d

Packet Delay

Target delay for packets (ms).

Max Size

The maximum size of packets indicates the maximum packet size in iptables.